搭建WordPress网站

本节介绍如何使用Nginx搭建WordPress网站。

环境准备

安装Nginx

sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

安装PHP

sudo apt install php-fpm php-mysql php-curl php-gd php-mbstring php-xml php-xmlrpc php-zip

安装MySQL

sudo apt install mysql-server

配置Nginx

创建虚拟主机配置

sudo vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/wordpress.conf

添加以下内容：

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.example.com;

    root /var/www/wordpress;
    index index.php index.html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|css|js|ico|xml)$ {
        expires 30d;
    }
}

启用配置

sudo nginx -t
sudo nginx -s reload

安装WordPress

下载WordPress

cd /tmp
wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz
sudo mv wordpress /var/www/

设置权限

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/wordpress
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/wordpress

创建数据库

sudo mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
CREATE USER 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* TO 'wordpress'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

配置WordPress

cd /var/www/wordpress
cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
sudo vi wp-config.php

修改以下内容：

define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
define('DB_USER', 'wordpress');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

访问WordPress

访问安装页面

在浏览器中访问：http://www.example.com

完成安装

按照页面提示完成WordPress安装。

优化配置

启用FastCGI缓存

fastcgi_cache_path /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgi_cache:10m max_size=1g inactive=60m;

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.example.com;

    root /var/www/wordpress;
    index index.php index.html;

    set $skip_cache 0;
    if ($request_method = POST) {
        set $skip_cache 1;
    }
    if ($request_uri ~* "/wp-admin/|/xmlrpc.php|wp-.*.php|/feed/|index.php|sitemap(_index)?.xml") {
        set $skip_cache 1;
    }
    if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author|wordpress_[a-f0-9]+|wp-postpass|wordpress_logged_in") {
        set $skip_cache 1;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_cache fastcgi_cache;
        fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
        fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri";
        fastcgi_cache_bypass $skip_cache;
        fastcgi_no_cache $skip_cache;

        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;

        add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;
    }
}

启用Gzip

gzip on;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_min_length 1000;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/json application/javascript application/xml+rss;

总结

搭建WordPress网站的关键点：

• 环境准备：安装Nginx、PHP、MySQL
• 配置Nginx：创建虚拟主机配置
• 安装WordPress：下载、设置权限、创建数据库
• 优化配置：启用FastCGI缓存和Gzip

使用Nginx搭建WordPress网站，提高网站性能。