Android 项目构建配置

项目结构

my-android-app/
├── settings.gradle.kts
├── build.gradle.kts              ← 根项目
├── gradle/
│   └── libs.versions.toml
├── app/
│   ├── build.gradle.kts
│   └── src/...
└── core/
    ├── build.gradle.kts          ← 核心业务模块
    └── src/...

gradle/libs.versions.toml

[versions]
agp = "8.2.1"
kotlin = "1.9.22"
core-ktx = "1.12.0"
appcompat = "1.6.1"
material = "1.11.0"
lifecycle = "2.7.0"
hilt = "2.50"
retrofit = "2.9.0"
okhttp = "4.12.0"
room = "2.6.1"
junit = "4.13.2"
junit-ext = "1.1.5"
espresso = "3.5.1"

[libraries]
androidx-core-ktx = { group = "androidx.core", name = "core-ktx", version.ref = "core-ktx" }
androidx-appcompat = { group = "androidx.appcompat", name = "appcompat", version.ref = "appcompat" }
material = { group = "com.google.android.material", name = "material", version.ref = "material" }
lifecycle-viewmodel = { group = "androidx.lifecycle", name = "lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx", version.ref = "lifecycle" }
lifecycle-livedata = { group = "androidx.lifecycle", name = "lifecycle-livedata-ktx", version.ref = "lifecycle" }
hilt-android = { group = "com.google.dagger", name = "hilt-android", version.ref = "hilt" }
hilt-compiler = { group = "com.google.dagger", name = "hilt-android-compiler", version.ref = "hilt" }
retrofit = { group = "com.squareup.retrofit2", name = "retrofit", version.ref = "retrofit" }
retrofit-gson = { group = "com.squareup.retrofit2", name = "converter-gson", version.ref = "retrofit" }
okhttp-logging = { group = "com.squareup.okhttp3", name = "logging-interceptor", version.ref = "okhttp" }
room-runtime = { group = "androidx.room", name = "room-runtime", version.ref = "room" }
room-ktx = { group = "androidx.room", name = "room-ktx", version.ref = "room" }
room-compiler = { group = "androidx.room", name = "room-compiler", version.ref = "room" }
junit = { group = "junit", name = "junit", version.ref = "junit" }
junit-ext = { group = "androidx.test.ext", name = "junit", version.ref = "junit-ext" }
espresso = { group = "androidx.test.espresso", name = "espresso-core", version.ref = "espresso" }

[plugins]
android-application = { id = "com.android.application", version.ref = "agp" }
android-library = { id = "com.android.library", version.ref = "agp" }
kotlin-android = { id = "org.jetbrains.kotlin.android", version.ref = "kotlin" }
kotlin-kapt = { id = "org.jetbrains.kotlin.kapt", version.ref = "kotlin" }
hilt = { id = "com.google.dagger.hilt.android", version.ref = "hilt" }

app/build.gradle.kts

plugins {
    alias(libs.plugins.android.application)
    alias(libs.plugins.kotlin.android)
    alias(libs.plugins.kotlin.kapt)
    alias(libs.plugins.hilt)
}

android {
    namespace = "com.example.myapp"
    compileSdk = 34
    
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId = "com.example.myapp"
        minSdk = 24
        targetSdk = 34
        versionCode = 1
        versionName = "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    
    buildTypes {
        debug {
            isDebuggable = true
            applicationIdSuffix = ".debug"
            versionNameSuffix = "-debug"
            buildConfigField("String", "API_URL", "\"https://dev-api.example.com\"")
        }
        release {
            isMinifyEnabled = true
            isShrinkResources = true
            proguardFiles(
                getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"),
                "proguard-rules.pro"
            )
            buildConfigField("String", "API_URL", "\"https://api.example.com\"")
            
            signingConfig = signingConfigs["release"]
        }
    }
    
    signingConfigs {
        create("release") {
            storeFile = file(System.getenv("KEYSTORE_PATH") ?: "keystore.jks")
            storePassword = System.getenv("KEYSTORE_PASSWORD")
            keyAlias = System.getenv("KEY_ALIAS")
            keyPassword = System.getenv("KEY_PASSWORD")
        }
    }
    
    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
    }
    
    kotlinOptions { jvmTarget = "17" }
    
    buildFeatures {
        viewBinding = true
        buildConfig = true
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation(libs.androidx.core.ktx)
    implementation(libs.androidx.appcompat)
    implementation(libs.material)
    implementation(libs.lifecycle.viewmodel)
    implementation(libs.lifecycle.livedata)
    
    // Hilt DI
    implementation(libs.hilt.android)
    kapt(libs.hilt.compiler)
    
    // Network
    implementation(libs.retrofit)
    implementation(libs.retrofit.gson)
    implementation(libs.okhttp.logging)
    
    // Database
    implementation(libs.room.runtime)
    implementation(libs.room.ktx)
    kapt(libs.room.compiler)
    
    // Test
    testImplementation(libs.junit)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.junit.ext)
    androidTestImplementation(libs.espresso)
}

构建命令

# 构建 Debug APK
./gradlew assembleDebug

# 构建 Release APK（需要签名）
./gradlew assembleRelease

# 安装到设备
./gradlew installDebug

# 运行单元测试
./gradlew test

# 运行设备测试
./gradlew connectedAndroidTest

# 生成 AAB（上传 Google Play）
./gradlew bundleRelease